The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has concluded that well-designed and properly installed high efficiency geothermal heat pump systems produce less environmental harm than any other alternative space conditioning technology currently available. On a full fuel cycle basis, emerging geothermal systems are the most efficient technology available, with the lowest CO2 emissions for minimum greenhouse warming impact. Overall, the EPA found emerging geothermal heating and cooling systems to have the lowest environmental cost of all technologies analyzed — including air-source heat pumps and natural gas furnaces.

On a retrofit, geothermal energy’s high efficiency typically means much lower utility bills, allowing the investment to be recouped in two to ten years. In addition, some utility companies have financing packages that make the purchase of a geothermal system even less expensive. Still others provide special rates for homes with geothermal systems.

Consumers who purchase and install specific products, such as energy-efficient windows, insulation, doors, roofs, and heating and cooling equipment in the home can receive a tax credit of up to $500 for improvements “placed in service” starting January 1, 2009 through December 31, 2009. The ENERGY STAR® website has a complete summary of energy efficiency tax credits available to consumers.

Because they use fewer mechanical components, and because those components are sheltered from the elements, leaves, dirt, and possible vandalism, geothermal heat pumps are durable and highly reliable. The underground piping used in the system often has 25- to 50- year warranties, and geothermal heat pumps typically last 20 years or more.

Geothermal heat pump systems have fewer maintenance requirements than most other systems. When properly installed, the underground components are virtually worry-free. The components in the living space are easily accessible, which increases the convenience factor and helps ensure that the upkeep is done on a timely basis.